methods, notes and classification International trade in services - historical data (2004-2013) methods, notes and classification

DATA_DESCR The Balance of Payments (BoP) systematically summarizes all economic transactions between the residents and the non-residents of a country or of a áeconomic area during a given period. The Balance of payments provides harmonized information on international transactions which are part of the current account (goods, services, income, current transfers), but also on transactions which fall in the capital and the financial account. BoP is an important macro-economic indicator used to assess the position of an economy (of credit or debit) towards the external world. Data on International Trade in Services (ITS), a component of BoP current account, are used, alongside with data on Foreign Direct Investment, to monitor the external commercial performance of different economies. Out of BoP data, some indicators of EU market integrationáare also derived. Data are in millions of Euro/ECU. Several statistical adjustments are applied to the original data provided by the Member States. These are described in the International Trade in Services EU 1992-2001 - Compilation guide. The International Monetary Fund Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) classification is used for the compilation of the BoP. The BoP data are collected through national surveys and administrative sources.

CLASS_SYSTEM The methodological framework followed in the compilation of the Balance of Payments is that defined in the fifth edition of the International Monetary Fund Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) published in 1993 and Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services. Balance of Payments Manual fourth edition (BPM4), published in 1977, was the reference for the data produced by Countries and published by Eurostat till 1991. All the historical data originally supplied by Member States under BPM4 reference and classification have been converted by Eurostat to BPM5 classification. A correspondence table between the classification BMP4 and the classification BPM5 is available. BPM5 is currently under revision and a new version of the manual (BPM6)áis released in 2009. Data will be be compiled according to the manual as from 2014.á

STAT_CONC_DEF The balance of payments (BoP) is a statistical statement that systematically summarises, over a given period of time, all the transactions of an economy with the rest of the world. The balance of payments records all economic transactions undertaken between the residents and non-residents of a country during a given period. A transaction is defined in the BPM5 as an economic flow that reflects the creation, transformation, exchange, transfer, or extinction of economic value and involves changes in ownership of goods and/or financial assets, the provision of services, or the provision of labour and capital. The concept of resident in the BPM5 is identical to that used in the 1993 System of National Accounts (SNA). The concept is not based on nationality or legal criteria. It is based on the notion of a centre of economic interest. An institutional unit is a resident unit when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of a country for a period of at least one year. The balance of payments provides information on the total value of credits (or exports) and debits (or imports) for each BoP item and on the net result or "balance" (credits minus debits) of the transactions with each partner. á The balance of payments is broken down into three broad sub-balances: the current account, the capital account and the financial account. The Current account shows the flows of goods, services, income and current transfers between resident and non-resident units Services are the second major category of the current account. In the production of data on International Trade in Services the references are the IMF's BPM5 and the United Nations' Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services. The main breakdown of services includes three sub-items: transportation, travel, and other services. Transportation (BoP item 205) covers services provided by all modes of transportation -sea, air, and other, which includes space, rail, road, inland waterway and pipeline - that are performed by residents of one economy for those of another. The different types of services offered include transport of passengers, transport of freight and other supporting and auxiliary services (e.g., storage and warehousing). The debit side of the item Travel (BoP item 236) consists of goods and services which are acquired by residents who stay abroad for less than one year. The credit side includes purchases of the same type made by foreign travellers on the national territory. This item contains two main categories of travel: business travel and personal travel (leisure, study, health-related purposes, etc.). Note that international transportation costs of the traveler to destination are recorded under the heading "transportation", but all movements within the country, including cruises, are entered under "travel". Other services (BoP item 981) comprise those international services transactions not covered under transportation and travel (communication services, construction services, insurance services, financial services, computer and information services, royalties and license fees, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government services n.i.e.). Further details on the classification of Services used in BoP are available on the attached file.

STAT_UNIT Any individual, corporation or other institution that provides information on the transactions between the residents and non-residents of a country during a given period.

STAT_POP BoP statistical population includes all the economic transactions between residents and non residents.á The coverage of the statistical population assured by the reported transactions can be very different for different BoP items. Information on the transaction can be provided by individuals, corporations, or institutions.á

REF_AREA The data generally cover the European Union, Euro area, EU Member States, Croatia, Turkey, Norway, Iceland, áSwitzerland, the USA and Japan. However, each monthly, quarterly and annual table with Balance of payments data has a specific geographical coverage. áDetails are summarised in the annex.

BASE_PER Not applicable.

UNIT_MEASURE Data are in millions of Euro/ECU.

    • Currency
      • 0 Million euro
    • Item of the balance of payments
      • 00 Current account, Services
      • 01 Current account, Services, Branding, Quasi-transit adjustment
      • 02 Current account, Services, Transportation
      • 03 Current account, Services, Transportation, Sea transport
      • 04 Current account, Services, Transportation, Sea transport, Passenger transport on sea
      • 05 Current account, Services, Transportation, Sea transport, Freight transport on sea
      • 06 Current account, Services, Transportation, Sea transport, Supporting, auxiliary and other sea transport services
      • 07 Current account, Services, Transportation, Air transport
      • 08 Current account, Services, Transportation, Air transport, Passenger transport by air
      • 09 Current account, Services, Transportation, Air transport, Freight transport by air
      • 0a Current account, Services, Transportation, Air transport, Supporting, auxiliary and other air transport services
      • 0b Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air)
      • 0c Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air), Passenger on other transport
      • 0d Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air), Freight on other transport
      • 0e Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air), Other of other transport
      • 0f Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Space transport
      • 0g Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Rail transport
      • 0h Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Rail transport, Passenger on rail
      • 0i Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Rail transport, Freight on rail
      • 0j Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Rail transport, Supporting, auxiliary and other rail transport services
      • 0k Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Road transport
      • 0l Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Road transport, Passenger on road
      • 0m Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Road transport, Freight on road
      • 0n Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Road transport, Supporting, auxiliary and other road transport services
      • 0o Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Inland waterway transport
      • 0p Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Inland waterway transport, Passenger on inland waterway
      • 0q Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Inland waterway transport, Freight on inland waterway
      • 0r Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Inland waterway transport, Supporting, auxiliary and other inland waterway transport services
      • 0s Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Pipeline transport
      • 0t Current account, Services, Transportation, Other transport (other than sea and air) - extended classification, Other supporting and auxiliary transport services
      • 0u Current account, Services, Travel
      • 0v Current account, Services, Travel, Business travel
      • 0w Current account, Services, Travel, Business travel, Expenditure by seasonal and border workers
      • 0x Current account, Services, Travel, Business travel, Other business travel
      • 0y Current account, Services, Travel, Personal travel
      • 0z Current account, Services, Travel, Personal travel, Health-related expenditure
      • 10 Current account, Services, Travel, Personal travel, Education related expenditure
      • 11 Current account, Services, Travel, Personal travel, Other personal travel
      • 12 Current account, Services, Other services
      • 13 Current account, Services, Other services, Communications services
      • 14 Current account, Services, Other services, Communications services, Postal and courier services
      • 15 Current account, Services, Communications services, Postal and courier services, Postal services
      • 16 Current account, Services, Communications services, Postal and courier services, Courier services
      • 17 Current account, Services, Other services, Communications services, Telecommunication services
      • 18 Current account, Services, Other services, Construction services
      • 19 Current account, Services, Other services, Construction services, Construction abroad
      • 1a Current account, Services, Other services, Construction services, Construction in the compiling economy
      • 1b Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services
      • 1c Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services, Life insurance and pension funding
      • 1d Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services, Freight insurance
      • 1e Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services, Other direct insurance
      • 1f Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services, Reinsurance
      • 1g Current account, Services, Other services, Insurance services, Auxiliary services
      • 1h Current account, Services, Other services, Financial services
      • 1i Current account, Services, Other services, Computer and information services
      • 1j Current account, Services, Other services, Computer and information services, Computer services
      • 1k Current account, Services, Other services, Computer and information services, Information services
      • 1l Current account, Services, Other services, Computer and information services, Information services, News agency services
      • 1m Current account, Services, Other services, Computer and information services, Information services, Other information provision services
      • 1n Current account, Services, Other services, Royalties and license fees
      • 1o Current account, Services, Other services, Royalties and license fees, Franchises and similar rights
      • 1p Current account, Services, Other services, Royalties and license fees, Other royalties and license fees
      • 1q Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services
      • 1r Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Merchanting and other trade-related services
      • 1s Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Merchanting and other trade-related services, Merchanting
      • 1t Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Merchanting and other trade-related services, Other trade-related services
      • 1u Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Operational leasing services
      • 1v Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services
      • 1w Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Legal, accounting, management and public relations services
      • 1x Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Legal, accounting, management and public relations services, Legal services
      • 1y Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Legal, accounting, management and public relations services, Accounting, auditing, book-keeping and tax consulting services
      • 1z Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Legal, accounting, management and public relations services, Business and management consultancy, public relations services
      • 20 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Advertising, market research and public opinion polling
      • 21 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Research and development services
      • 22 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Architectural, engineering and other technical consultancy
      • 23 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Agricultural, mining , and on-site processing
      • 24 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Agricultural, mining , and on-site processing, Waste treatment and depolution
      • 25 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Agricultural, mining , and on-site processing, Other agricultural, mining and on-site processing
      • 26 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Other miscellaneous business, professional and technical services
      • 27 Current account, Services, Other services, Other business services, Miscellaneous business, professional and technical services, Services between affiliated enterprises, n.i.e.
      • 28 Current account, Services, Other services, Personal, cultural and recreational services
      • 29 Current account, Services, Other services, Personal, cultural and recreational services, Audio-visual and related services
      • 2a Current account, Services, Other services, Personal, cultural and recreational services, Other personal, cultural and recreational services
      • 2b Current account, Services, Other services, Personal, cultural and recreational services, Other personal, cultural and recreational services, Education services
      • 2c Current account, Services, Personal, cultural and recreational services, Other personal, cultural and recreational services, Health services
      • 2d Current account, Services, Other services, Personal, cultural and recreational services, Other personal, cultural and recreational services, Other
      • 2e Current account, Services, Other services, Government services, n.i.e.
      • 2f Current account, Services, Other services, Government services, n.i.e., Embassies and consulates
      • 2g Current account, Services, Other services, Government services, n.i.e., Military units and agencies
      • 2h Current account, Services, Other services, Government services, n.i.e., Other government services
      • 2i Current account, Services, Services not allocated
      • 2j Current account, Services, Memorandum items, Audiovisual transactions
      • 2k Commercial services (services excluding Government services, n.i.e.)
    • Stock or flow
      • 0 Credit
      • 1 Debit
      • 2 Net
    • Geopolitical entity (partner)
      • 00 Europe
      • 01 European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020)
      • 02 European Union - 27 countries (2007-2013)
      • 03 European Union - 25 countries (2004-2006)
      • 04 New Member States - 10 countries (2004-2006)
      • 05 Euro area - 17 countries (2011-2013)
      • 06 Euro area - 16 countries (2009-2010)
      • 07 Euro area - 15 countries (2008)
      • 08 Euro area - 13 countries (2007)
      • 09 Euro area - 12 countries (2001-2006)
      • 0a Belgium
      • 0b Bulgaria
      • 0c Czechia
      • 0d Denmark
      • 0e Germany (until 1990 former territory of the FRG)
      • 0f Estonia
      • 0g Ireland
      • 0h Greece
      • 0i Spain
      • 0j France
      • 0k Croatia
      • 0l Italy
      • 0m Cyprus
      • 0n Latvia
      • 0o Lithuania
      • 0p Luxembourg
      • 0q Hungary
      • 0r Malta
      • 0s Netherlands
      • 0t Austria
      • 0u Poland
      • 0v Portugal
      • 0w Romania
      • 0x Slovenia
      • 0y Slovakia
      • 0z Finland
      • 10 Sweden
      • 11 European Free Trade Association
      • 12 Iceland
      • 13 Liechtenstein
      • 14 Norway
      • 15 Switzerland
      • 16 United Kingdom
      • 17 Candidate countries in 2013 (5 countries)
      • 18 Candidate countries in 2010 (5 countries)
      • 19 Candidate countries in 2010 (4 countries)
      • 1a Candidate countries in 2007 (3 countries)
      • 1b Montenegro
      • 1c North Macedonia
      • 1d Albania
      • 1e Serbia
      • 1f Turkey
      • 1g Central and Eastern Europe
      • 1h Belarus
      • 1i Russia
      • 1j Ukraine
      • 1k Former Serbia and Montenegro (before 2006)/Total components of the former Serbia and Montenegro
      • 1l Commonwealth of Independent States (Former Soviet Union except BAL)
      • 1m Extra-EU28 (2013-2020)
      • 1n Extra-EU27 (2007-2013)
      • 1o Extra-EU25 (2004-2006)
      • 1p Extra-euro area - 17 countries (2011-2013)
      • 1q Extra-euro area - 16 countries (2009-2010)
      • 1r Extra-euro area - 15 countries (2008))
      • 1s Extra-euro area - 13 countries (2007)
      • 1t Extra-euro area - 12 countries (2001-2006)
      • 1u European countries not EU nor EFTA (aggregate changing according to the context)
      • 1v Africa
      • 1w Central and South Africa
      • 1x Northern Africa
      • 1y Egypt
      • 1z Morocco
      • 20 South Africa
      • 21 Nigeria
      • 22 America
      • 23 Northern America
      • 24 Canada
      • 25 United States
      • 26 Latin American countries
      • 27 Central America
      • 28 Mexico
      • 29 South America
      • 2a Argentina
      • 2b Brazil
      • 2c Chile
      • 2d Colombia
      • 2e Uruguay
      • 2f Venezuela
      • 2g Asia
      • 2h China except Hong Kong
      • 2i Hong Kong
      • 2j Japan
      • 2k South Korea
      • 2l Taiwan
      • 2m India
      • 2n Iran
      • 2o Indonesia
      • 2p Malaysia
      • 2q Philippines
      • 2r Singapore
      • 2s Thailand
      • 2t Western Asia including Iran
      • 2u Israel
      • 2v Gulf Arabian Countries
      • 2w Other Western Asian countries
      • 2x Other Asian countries (aggregate changing according to the context)
      • 2y Oceania and southern polar regions
      • 2z Australia
      • 30 New Zealand
      • 31 Institutions and bodies of the European Union
      • 32 European Central Bank (ECB)
      • 33 European Stability Mechanism
      • 34 African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States, signatories of the Partnership Agreement
      • 35 African ACP states
      • 36 Caribbean ACP states
      • 37 Pacific ACP states
      • 38 Association of Southeast Asian Nations
      • 39 Mediterranean countries in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
      • 3a Franc Zone
      • 3b Mashrek
      • 3c Maghreb
      • 3d Southern Common Market
      • 3e North American Free Trade Agreement
      • 3f Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
      • 3g Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
      • 3h Non European International Organizations
      • 3i Core Newly Industrializing Countries
      • 3j Asian NICs of the second wave of industrialization
      • 3k Latin American NICs of the second wave of industrialization
      • 3l Offshore financial centers
      • 3m All countries of the world
    • Geopolitical entity (reporting)
      • 00 European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020)
      • 01 European Union - 27 countries (2007-2013)
      • 02 European Union - 25 countries (2004-2006)
      • 03 Euro area - 17 countries (2011-2013)
      • 04 Euro area - 16 countries (2009-2010)
      • 05 Euro area - 15 countries (2008)
      • 06 Euro area - 13 countries (2007)
      • 07 Euro area - 12 countries (2001-2006)
      • 08 Belgium
      • 09 Bulgaria
      • 0a Czechia
      • 0b Denmark
      • 0c Germany (until 1990 former territory of the FRG)
      • 0d Estonia
      • 0e Ireland
      • 0f Greece
      • 0g Spain
      • 0h France
      • 0i Croatia
      • 0j Italy
      • 0k Cyprus
      • 0l Latvia
      • 0m Lithuania
      • 0n Luxembourg
      • 0o Hungary
      • 0p Malta
      • 0q Netherlands
      • 0r Austria
      • 0s Poland
      • 0t Portugal
      • 0u Romania
      • 0v Slovenia
      • 0w Slovakia
      • 0x Finland
      • 0y Sweden
      • 0z Iceland
      • 10 Norway
      • 11 Switzerland
      • 12 United Kingdom
      • 13 Montenegro
      • 14 North Macedonia
      • 15 Turkey
      • 16 United States
      • 17 Japan